Artless Dodges
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- Jan 7, 2013
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Many Indian are quick to bring up how it's islamic extremism that is at the cause of the conflict in Kashmir. They make it a point to bring up the plight of Kashmiri pandit's in delegitimizing the Kashmiri people's aspiration. Some going as far as to say that the populace today deserve what's coming to them in return for what the Pandit's had to go through. But what you will never hear from these Indians is that the first case communalism and religious extremism in Kashmir conflict wasn't at the hands of Muslims but rather extremist Hindus and Sikhs; and the first and largest ethnic cleansing in Kashmir was that of Muslims in Jammu. 70,000-100,000 Muslims were killed at the behest of RSS goons and a 100,000-200,000 were forcibly displaced from their homelands.
My purpose in creating this thread isn't to say that Islamic extremism hasn't played a part in the modern Kashmir conflict (It definitely has but to what extent is debatable and not the purpose of the thread). More importantly, i am not trying to downplay what the Kashmiri Pandits had to go through or create a **** measuring contest over people's suffering. What happened to the Kashmiri Pandits is deplorable and they deserve to live in peace and as equals in their own homeland. Having said that, the blind hypocrisy and duplicity of some Indians is palpable when they are quick to bring up Pandits for point scoring to showcase their faux moral outrage and pit the Kashmiris and their struggle as immoral and illegitimate. If the death of 1,000 innocent Kashmiri Pandit matters, then surely the death of 100,000 innocent Kashmiri Muslims also matters?
Relevant section of the Wikipedia article for those unaware:
Note that the 100,000 to 200,000 Jammu refugees didn't move to Pakistan on their own accord but rather due to state-sponsored ethnic cleansing. They also weren't part of the the provinces that were divided along religious lines thus in an ideal world they too should have an opportunity to return to their homes.
Having said all that, I realize full well that there is little to no chance that India will let go of Kashmir or that Kashmiri people will be able to attain independence (if they so choose). That is the practical reality but it doesn't mean that people can start creating B.S reasons to make themselves feel better. If nothing else, understanding this conflict from the opposing POV, can only help better guide India's own actions. I'm sure India can continue to station 700,000 troops for the next 50 years but it would be much more preferable not to do so. If there is to be any kind of lasting resolution, even at one's own accord, it would require a much more nuanced understanding of the real (or perceived) grievances of the Kashmiri people. Preferably one that doesn't involve justifying gunning down kids for throwing stone; which by the way will only antagonize the population, incite more violence that will require greater government resources and funding to quell; money that could have been better spent on a host of other things.
My purpose in creating this thread isn't to say that Islamic extremism hasn't played a part in the modern Kashmir conflict (It definitely has but to what extent is debatable and not the purpose of the thread). More importantly, i am not trying to downplay what the Kashmiri Pandits had to go through or create a **** measuring contest over people's suffering. What happened to the Kashmiri Pandits is deplorable and they deserve to live in peace and as equals in their own homeland. Having said that, the blind hypocrisy and duplicity of some Indians is palpable when they are quick to bring up Pandits for point scoring to showcase their faux moral outrage and pit the Kashmiris and their struggle as immoral and illegitimate. If the death of 1,000 innocent Kashmiri Pandit matters, then surely the death of 100,000 innocent Kashmiri Muslims also matters?
Relevant section of the Wikipedia article for those unaware:
Massacres
By the end of September, Muslims were surrounded in Jammu city and in the villages, and were told by civil and military officials to leave to Pakistan. Starting from the first week of October, Muslim population was attacked in Jammu plains and the surrounding hills. On 14 October, the RSS activists and the Akalis attacked various villages of Jammu district—Amrey, Cheak, Atmapur and Kochpura—and after killing some Muslims, looted their possessions and set their houses on fire.[14] There was mass killing of Muslims in and around Jammu city. The state troops led the attacks. The state officials provided arms and ammunition to the rioters. The administration had demobilised a large number of Muslim soldiers in the state army and had discharged Muslim police officers.[15][a] Most of the Muslims outside the Muslim dominated areas were killed by the communal rioters who moved in vehicles with arms and ammunition, though the city was officially put under curfew. Many number of Gujjar men and women who used to supply milk to the city from the surrounding villages were reportedly massacred en route. It is said that the Ramnagar reserve in Jammu was littered with the dead bodies of Gujjar men, women and children. In the Muslim localities of Jammu city, Talab Khatikan and Mohalla Ustad, Muslims were surrounded and were denied water supply and food. The Muslims in Talab Khatikan area had joined to defend themselves with the arms they could gather, who later received support from the Muslim Conference. They were eventually asked to surrender and the administration asked them to go to Pakistan for their safety. These Muslims and others who wanted to go to Sialkot, in thousands, were loaded in numerous trucks and were escorted by the troops in the first week of November. When they reached the outskirts of the city, they were pulled out and killed by armed Sikhs and RSS men, while abducting the women.[7][14][16]
There were also reports of large-scale massacres of Muslims in Udhampur district, particularly in proper Udhampur, Chenani, Ramnagar, Bhaderwah and Reasi areas. Killing of a large number of Muslims was reported from Chhamb, Deva Batala, Manawsar and other parts of Akhnoor with many people fleeing to Pakistan or moving to Jammu. In Kathua district and Bilawar area, there was extensive killing of Muslims with women being raped and abducted.[7][18]
On November 16, 1947, Sheikh Abdullah arrived in Jammu and a refugee camp was set up in Mohalla Ustad.[7]
Observations
"To recall those days of communal orgy my only objective is to point out that a communalist and killer has no religion. It was the humanity that was the victim of communal fanatics... we should better learn appropriate lessons from history and not allow the communal fanatics of one or the other community to vitiate the atmosphere and disturb communal peace and harmony."
— Ved Bhasin, who witnessed the Jammu violence in 1947.[7]
Mahatma Gandhi commented on the situation in Jammu on 25 December 1947 in his speech at a prayer meeting in New Delhi: "The Hindus and Sikhs of Jammu and those who had gone there from outside killed Muslims. The Maharaja of Kashmir is responsible for what is happening there…A large number of Muslims have been killed there and Muslim women have been dishonoured."[19]
According to Ved Bhasin and scholar Ilyas Chattha, the Jammu riots were executed by members of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) who were joined by the refugees from West Pakistan, and were supported strongly by Hari Singh and his administration with a main aim to change the demographic composition of Jammu region and ensure a non-Muslim majority. Bhasin states, the riots were "clearly" planned by the activists of RSS.[7][20] Observers have noted that the Akali Sikhs and some former members of the Indian National Army (INA) also participated in this violence along with the RSS and state forces.[21][22][23][24]
Bhasin says that the massacres took place in the presence of the then Jammu and Kashmir's Prime Minister Mehr Chand Mahajan and the governor of Jammu, Lala Chet Ram Chopra, and that some of those who led these riots in Udhampur and Bhaderwah later joined the National Conference with some of them also serving as ministers.[7][c]
Estimates of people killed and displaced
An early official calculation made in Pakistan, using headcount data, estimated 50,000 Muslims killed.[25] A team of two Englishmen jointly commissioned by the governments of India and Pakistan investigated seven major incidents of violence between 20 October – 9 November 1947, estimating 70,000 deaths.[26] Scholar Ian Copland estimated total deaths to be around 80,000,[27] while Ved Bhasin estimated them to be around 100,000.[18] Scholar Christopher Snedden says, the number of Muslims killed were between 20,000 and 100,000.[1] Justice Yusuf Saraf estimates them to be between 20,000 and 30,000.[28]
Much higher figures were reported by newspapers at that time. A report by a special correspondent of The Times, published on 10 August 1948, stated that a total of 237,000 Muslims were either killed or migrated to Pakistan.[6][d] The editor of The Statesman Ian Stephens claimed that 500,000 Muslims, "the entire Muslim element of the population", was eliminated and 200,000 "just disappeared".[31] Scholar Ian Copland finds these figures dubious.[e]
As a result of the killings, Ilyas Chattha says, more than 100,000 Jammu refugees had arrived in Sialkot in Pakistan.[32] Snedden, on the other hand, cites a "comprehensive report" in Dawn published in January 1951, which said that 200,000 Muslims went as refugees to Pakistan in October–November 1947.[3] An unidentified organisation in Pakistan counted refugees from Jammu and Kashmir during May–July 1949, and found 333,964 refugees from the Indian-held parts of the state.[33]
Note that the 100,000 to 200,000 Jammu refugees didn't move to Pakistan on their own accord but rather due to state-sponsored ethnic cleansing. They also weren't part of the the provinces that were divided along religious lines thus in an ideal world they too should have an opportunity to return to their homes.
Having said all that, I realize full well that there is little to no chance that India will let go of Kashmir or that Kashmiri people will be able to attain independence (if they so choose). That is the practical reality but it doesn't mean that people can start creating B.S reasons to make themselves feel better. If nothing else, understanding this conflict from the opposing POV, can only help better guide India's own actions. I'm sure India can continue to station 700,000 troops for the next 50 years but it would be much more preferable not to do so. If there is to be any kind of lasting resolution, even at one's own accord, it would require a much more nuanced understanding of the real (or perceived) grievances of the Kashmiri people. Preferably one that doesn't involve justifying gunning down kids for throwing stone; which by the way will only antagonize the population, incite more violence that will require greater government resources and funding to quell; money that could have been better spent on a host of other things.