hoshiarpurexpress
First Class Captain
- Joined
- Jul 29, 2020
- Runs
- 6,139
The Mughal Empire, often celebrated by Muslims of subcontinent for its grand architecture and administrative brilliance, always had a darker legacy—one marked by violent persecution, especially against Sikhs and Hindus. While early emperors like Akbar promoted relative religious tolerance, others, particularly Jahangir, Aurangzeb, and Bahadur Shah I, unleashed a wave of brutality that left deep scars on India's religious communities.
One of the first major acts of religious oppression came under Emperor Jahangir, who ordered the execution of Guru Arjan Dev Ji, the fifth Sikh Guru, in 1606. Guru Arjan was tortured for days and eventually killed for supporting rebel prince Khusrau and for his growing influence. This incident marked the beginning of open hostility between the Mughal state and the Sikh community.
Under Aurangzeb, this persecution became widespread and systemic. A staunch Islamic ruler, Aurangzeb saw the growing Sikh and Hindu resistance as both political defiance and religious heresy. In 1675, Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth Sikh Guru, was publicly executed in Delhi for defending the religious freedom of Hindus, particularly Kashmiri Pandits, who were being forcibly converted to Islam. His death was a turning point, sparking Sikh militarization under his son, Guru Gobind Singh, who founded the Khalsa in 1699 as a direct response to Mughal tyranny.
Hindus also faced relentless persecution under Aurangzeb. He reimposed the jizya tax on non-Muslims, which had been abolished by Akbar, and ordered the destruction of hundreds of Hindu temples, including the sacred Kashi Vishwanath temple in Varanasi and the Keshava Deo temple in Mathura. Hindu religious practices were often curtailed, and resistance by Rajputs, Marathas, and other Hindu kingdoms was met with brutal military campaigns.
The oppression did not end with Aurangzeb’s death. Under Bahadur Shah I and later Mughal governors, both Sikhs and Hindus continued to face executions, forced conversions, and state-sponsored violence. In 1716, Banda Singh Bahadur, a fierce Sikh general, was captured and tortured to death along with his followers. His son was murdered before his eyes, and Banda was executed in Delhi in a brutal public display meant to crush the Sikh spirit.
Despite these horrors, the Mughal campaign of religious persecution failed. The Sikh community emerged stronger, eventually establishing the Sikh Empire under Maharaja Ranjit Singh, while Hindu powers like the Marathas rose to challenge Mughal dominance across India.
One of the first major acts of religious oppression came under Emperor Jahangir, who ordered the execution of Guru Arjan Dev Ji, the fifth Sikh Guru, in 1606. Guru Arjan was tortured for days and eventually killed for supporting rebel prince Khusrau and for his growing influence. This incident marked the beginning of open hostility between the Mughal state and the Sikh community.
Under Aurangzeb, this persecution became widespread and systemic. A staunch Islamic ruler, Aurangzeb saw the growing Sikh and Hindu resistance as both political defiance and religious heresy. In 1675, Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth Sikh Guru, was publicly executed in Delhi for defending the religious freedom of Hindus, particularly Kashmiri Pandits, who were being forcibly converted to Islam. His death was a turning point, sparking Sikh militarization under his son, Guru Gobind Singh, who founded the Khalsa in 1699 as a direct response to Mughal tyranny.
Hindus also faced relentless persecution under Aurangzeb. He reimposed the jizya tax on non-Muslims, which had been abolished by Akbar, and ordered the destruction of hundreds of Hindu temples, including the sacred Kashi Vishwanath temple in Varanasi and the Keshava Deo temple in Mathura. Hindu religious practices were often curtailed, and resistance by Rajputs, Marathas, and other Hindu kingdoms was met with brutal military campaigns.
The oppression did not end with Aurangzeb’s death. Under Bahadur Shah I and later Mughal governors, both Sikhs and Hindus continued to face executions, forced conversions, and state-sponsored violence. In 1716, Banda Singh Bahadur, a fierce Sikh general, was captured and tortured to death along with his followers. His son was murdered before his eyes, and Banda was executed in Delhi in a brutal public display meant to crush the Sikh spirit.
Despite these horrors, the Mughal campaign of religious persecution failed. The Sikh community emerged stronger, eventually establishing the Sikh Empire under Maharaja Ranjit Singh, while Hindu powers like the Marathas rose to challenge Mughal dominance across India.