aggressive and defensive captaincy are on the basis of the field placement strategy and bowling changes you make.
In aggressive captaincy, you tend to go for wickets, while in defensive captaincy you look to increase the balls and runs margin while defending a score. Both ways are a strategy you adopt according to the match conditions and situation.
For example, defending 9 runs in the final over and instead of being defensive by having a long on and long off you place a mid on and mid off to take a wicket instead of defending the runs.
Than how you use your bowlers. Using a spinner in the first over is a defensive move, while keep on using shaheen is an aggressive move. This doesnt mean that its a good or bad decision, but you need too look at the situation. Shaheens first over wickets did us more damage in the long run, and not becuase of Shaheen, but because of Babars habit to use him in every game as the first bowler when Imad could had been used.
@Rana @Major Apologies for not responding earlier I was out and just got back. Anyway,
That is completely untrue, aggressive or defensive captaincy isn't as clear cut as you're making it out to be.
It depends on the situation, if a batter is not attacking you and has a slow SR, it's understandable that you keep as many people inside the inner ring to prevent cheeky singles and possibly a slip, this forces the batter who has a low sr and hasn't settled to play a lofted shot which increases your chances of getting a wicket, Similarly if someone like Travis head is going gung ho you, you're only choice is to focus on the outer ring, si ce it's very unlikely that he'll miss time it, edge it or fail to find gaps. Your best bet is to catch him at long off, long on or the outer ring.
Babar is not an aggressive captain by Amy stretch of the imagination. Against India in 2022, Shaheen bowled out the top 3, Kohli was accumulating, in fact kohli had put himself in a situation where India required 48 of 18 to win.
Everyone on the planet knows that Kohli is not a bamg bamg batsmen, He's an accumulator with a 5th gear and will go bamg bang once he's settled, However Babar didn't do a damn thing once PP ended to keep pressure on, Kohli took easy singled and doubles because Babar assumed that kohli wouldn't be able to chase it down due to increasing RR. His defensive captaincy cost the game. After kohli started attacking, Babar instantly panicked and started going for his pacers and on paper this may seem like aggressive captaincy but in reality panic mode set in which is why Nawaz, a bottler had to bowl the last over.
Similarly against USA he brought every fielder inside the circle when it's clear that USA were going to run 4, they were going to loft overhead and hit a boundary.
None of this screams aggressive captaincy. It screams of a captain who genuinely has no plan, waits for things to happen and if things don't happen, he instantly bowls out pacers because he has no other options.
Similarly he frequently doesn't play abrar due to protection of shadab, he frequently puts chacha at slip despite chacha shelling more catches at slip then hafeez ever could or YK ever could or heck even azam khan ever could.
It's a same formula that fails.
Now as for Misbah, Misbah was a good on field captain, I don't disagree, however his tactics came at a time when England wasn't a bazzball side. Sides usually opted for one or 2 hitmans in their squad like de viĺers and dekock but the focus was always on 270 scores and Players like Hashim Amla, Jonathan Trott, Kane Williamson, Steve Smith were considered star batsmen.
His defensive captaincy obviously wouldn't work in this era where odi has become an extension of t20, and 300 to 320 is considered par, and traditionally all sides employs 5 to 6 hitmans, with only one accumulator like root, Williamson, Kohli, Babar batting at 3.
The eras are totally different, so defensive captaincy in odi and t20 just does not work in this era, Gone are the days where you can win games by focusing less on wickets and more on RR pressure. It can work in t20, but will not work in odi where RR are 7.5 to 9 and batsmen like Travis head consider it a walk in the park.