The point is not of a mutation, the point is how and what triggers a mutation. Is it random? (Random mutations lead to things like cancer), or adaptive mutations which have purpose? Natural Selection is just a fancy way of saying, death.
Being? There is no man with a beard sitting in the clouds. You mean entity.
What happens if I take fish out of the water? They die. Yet Darwinists want us to believe that fish come crawling out of water an evolve into amphibians.
Replication of cells is a characteristic of life, beyond the theory of evolution, there is abiogenesis, the process of inanimate matter transforming into animate matter.
Basically there's so much we do not know, but can only speculate when it comes to life.
Mutations can be advantageous, disadvantageous, neutral- that is the nature of a random process. It doesn't have a thought behind it, or a process. It. Is. Random.
That's an awfully reductionist interpretation of natural selection. If anything, natural selection is about the
survival of the best adapted individuals, and the passing on of their advantageous genes.
Regarding God, here is how The Oxford Dictionary defines it:
1.
(in Christianity and other monotheistic religions) the creator and ruler of the universe and source of all moral authority; the supreme being.
2.
(in certain other religions) a superhuman being or spirit worshipped as having power over nature or human fortunes; a deity.
And again, there is no need for God in evolution. It works with or without one (and if there is a God, it is almost certainly not the God of Abraham).
Firstly, 'fish' don't technically exist within the field of cladistics. And this is because all life
evolved from water. But, I know what you mean, so we'll use fish as it is commonly used. From some quick research, it appears that early fish had evolved some limb-like features to crawl on the sea floor, and others had evolved primitive lungs, due to the low amount of oxygen in some of the swamps. So, if one of those fish with limb-like features lived in a swamp with low oxygen levels, lungs would eventually be evolved, and those limbs-like features would eventually evolve into actual limbs, leading to the earliest amphibians. Obviously, me not being an expert in the field means that this is a rather rough explanation, but it should suffice.
Yes, I am aware of abiogenesis and its uncertainty. I don't understand why you'd mention cell replication for seeming no reason, but okay.
Of course there are many more things to discover, but to say evolutionary biology is based off speculation is simply disingenuous.